Installare MongoDB su Linux

Qualche tempo fa ho scritto un post su come installare MongoDB su Mac OS X. Tuttavia, la maggior parte dello sviluppo di solito avviene su macchine Unix/Linux. Quindi oggi vedremo come installare MongoDB su un sistema Linux.

Installa MongoDB su Linux

La versione attuale di MongoDB è la 3.4.7 e installerò la versione a 64 bit tramite riga di comando. I passaggi per installare MongoDB su Linux sono molto semplici, basta seguire i seguenti comandi di terminale per scaricarlo e installarlo.

1. Scarica ed estrai i binari di MongoDB

root@dev [/home/journal]# mkdir mongodb
root@dev [/home/journal]# cd mongodb/
root@dev [/home/journal/mongodb]# curl -O https://fastdl.mongodb.org/linux/mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.4.7.tgz
  % Total    % Received % Xferd  Average Speed   Time    Time     Time  Current
                                 Dload  Upload   Total   Spent    Left  Speed
100 82.7M  100 82.7M    0     0  1704k      0  0:00:49  0:00:49 --:--:-- 1334k
root@dev [/home/journal/mongodb]# tar xvf mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.4.7.tgz
 mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.4.7/README
 mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.4.7/THIRD-PARTY-NOTICES
 mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.4.7/MPL-2
 mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.4.7/GNU-AGPL-3.0
 mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.4.7/bin/mongodump
 mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.4.7/bin/mongorestore
 mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.4.7/bin/mongoexport
 mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.4.7/bin/mongoimport
 mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.4.7/bin/mongostat
 mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.4.7/bin/mongotop
 mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.4.7/bin/bsondump
 mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.4.7/bin/mongofiles
 mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.4.7/bin/mongooplog
 mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.4.7/bin/mongoreplay
 mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.4.7/bin/mongoperf
 mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.4.7/bin/mongod
 mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.4.7/bin/mongos
 mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.4.7/bin/mongo

3. Aggiungi la directory bin di MongoDB alla variabile di ambiente PATH

root@dev [/home/journal/mongodb]# mv mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.4.7 mongodb
root@dev [/home/journal/mongodb]# cd mongodb
root@dev [/home/journal/mongodb/mongodb]# echo $PATH
/usr/local/jdk/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/X11R6/bin:/root/bin
root@dev [/home/journal/mongodb/mongodb]# export PATH=$PATH:/home/journal/mongodb/mongodb/bin

5. Crea una directory per i file di MongoDB e avvialo

root@dev [/home/journal/mongodb/mongodb]# mkdir data
root@dev [/home/journal/mongodb/mongodb]# cd bin
root@dev [/home/journal/mongodb/mongodb/bin]# ./mongod --dbpath /home/journal/mongodb/mongodb/data &
[1] 30387
root@dev [/home/journal/mongodb/mongodb/bin]# 2014-08-04T13:56:05.916+0000 [initandlisten] MongoDB starting : pid=30387 port=27017 dbpath=/home/journal/mongodb/mongodb/data 64-bit host=dev.journaldev.com
2014-08-04T13:56:05.917+0000 [initandlisten] db version v3.4.7
2014-08-04T13:56:05.917+0000 [initandlisten] git version: 255f67a66f9603c59380b2a389e386910bbb52cb
2014-08-04T13:56:05.917+0000 [initandlisten] build info: Linux build12.nj1.10gen.cc 2.6.32-431.3.1.el6.x86_64 #1 SMP Fri Jan 3 21:39:27 UTC 2014 x86_64 BOOST_LIB_VERSION=1_49
2014-08-04T13:56:05.917+0000 [initandlisten] allocator: tcmalloc
2014-08-04T13:56:05.917+0000 [initandlisten] options: { storage: { dbPath: "/home/journal/mongodb/mongodb/data" } }
2014-08-04T13:56:05.922+0000 [initandlisten] journal dir=/home/journal/mongodb/mongodb/data/journal
2014-08-04T13:56:05.922+0000 [initandlisten] recover : no journal files present, no recovery needed
2014-08-04T13:56:06.064+0000 [FileAllocator] allocating new datafile /home/journal/mongodb/mongodb/data/local.ns, filling with zeroes...
2014-08-04T13:56:06.064+0000 [FileAllocator] creating directory /home/journal/mongodb/mongodb/data/_tmp
2014-08-04T13:56:06.067+0000 [FileAllocator] done allocating datafile /home/journal/mongodb/mongodb/data/local.ns, size: 16MB,  took 0.001 secs
2014-08-04T13:56:06.069+0000 [FileAllocator] allocating new datafile /home/journal/mongodb/mongodb/data/local.0, filling with zeroes...
2014-08-04T13:56:06.070+0000 [FileAllocator] done allocating datafile /home/journal/mongodb/mongodb/data/local.0, size: 64MB,  took 0.001 secs
2014-08-04T13:56:06.071+0000 [initandlisten] build index on: local.startup_log properties: { v: 1, key: { _id: 1 }, name: "_id_", ns: "local.startup_log" }
2014-08-04T13:56:06.071+0000 [initandlisten] 	 added index to empty collection
2014-08-04T13:56:06.071+0000 [initandlisten] waiting for connections on port 27017

7. Usa il comando “ps” per confermare che MongoDB è in esecuzione

root@dev [/home/journal/mongodb/mongodb/bin]#
root@dev [/home/journal/mongodb/mongodb/bin]# ps -eaf | grep mongo
root      7199 28009  0 14:09 pts/0    00:00:00 grep mongo
root     30387 28009  0 13:56 pts/0    00:00:02 ./mongod --dbpath /home/journal/mongodb/mongodb/data
root@dev [/home/journal/mongodb/mongodb/bin]#

Ecco fatto, il nostro MongoDB è installato sulla macchina Linux e funziona correttamente. Tuttavia, potresti voler esportare il percorso attraverso il tuo profilo utente, ovvero .bash_profile o .profile, in modo che non vada perso una volta che esci dal terminale.

Esegui comandi MongoDB

Ora connettiamoci a MongoDB e eseguiamo alcuni comandi MongoDB per assicurarci che stia funzionando correttamente.

root@dev [~]# cd /home/journal/mongodb/mongodb/bin/
root@dev [/home/journal/mongodb/mongodb/bin]# ./mongo
MongoDB shell version: 3.4.7
connecting to: test
> show dbs
admin  (empty)
local  0.078GB
> use journaldev
switched to db journaldev
> db.names.save({"id":123,"name":"Pankaj"})
WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })
> db.names.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("53df918adbef24e88560fa5b"), "id" : 123, "name" : "Pankaj" }
> db.datas.save({})
WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })
> show collections
datas
names
system.indexes
> show dbs
admin       (empty)
journaldev  0.078GB
local       0.078GB
> exit
bye
root@dev [/home/journal/mongodb/mongodb/bin]# 

Come puoi vedere, tutto sembra procedere senza intoppi e riesco a salvare e recuperare dati dal database MongoDB. Se chiudi il terminale da cui è stato avviato MongoDB, si interromperà. Usa il comando nohup per avviarlo, così non si fermerà nemmeno dopo aver chiuso il terminale. Pagina di Download di MongoDB